What are the three types of grinding mills?

Common grinding mills can be divided into the following three categories:

Type (Equipment)	Working Principle	Typical Applications
Ball Mill	The rotating drum contains steel or ceramic balls that impact and grind the material.	Ore processing, ceramics, metal powders, etc.
Air Classifier Mill	High‑speed airflow separates the material from the grinding media, achieving fine‑particle classification.	Ultra‑fine powders, pigments, pharmaceuticals, etc.
Impact Mill	A high‑speed rotor drives impact blades that crush the material by impact.	Crushing hard‑brittle materials, plastics, rubber, etc.

These three types of grinding mills have their own advantages in structure, energy consumption and applicable materials, and can be flexibly selected according to production needs.

What are the types of Ultrafine Grinding Equipment?

10 Types of Ultrafine Grinding Equipment, Their Working Principles and Typical Applications

Equipment Type	Working Principle	Typical Applications
Ultrafine Grinding Equipment	Uses mechanical forces to reduce material to micron‑ or nano‑scale particles	Minerals, chemical raw materials, pharmaceutical powders, electronic materials
Turbo Ultrafine Classifier	A high‑speed turbine creates centrifugal force that separates particles by size	Fine pigments, catalysts, pharmaceutical powders, ultra‑fine mineral powders
Pre‑crushing Equipment	Performs an initial size reduction to lower the feed size for subsequent ultrafine grinding, reducing energy consumption and improving efficiency	Primary crushing of ores, chemical raw materials, solid waste before fine grinding.
Vacuum Feeding Machine	Generates a negative pressure to draw powders into a sealed system, enabling dust‑free, continuous transport and preventing contamination.	Pigments, resins, food powders, pharmaceutical raw powders.
Fusion Coating Machine	Combines coating material with the substrate through mechanical or chemical action, ensuring uniform coating	Anti‑corrosion metal coatings, functional polymer coatings (wear‑resistant, conductive).
Graphite Spheroidization Crushing Equipment	Applies impact and grinding forces to transform graphite from flaky or blocky forms into spherical particles, improving flowability and dispersibility.	Lithium‑ion battery anodes, lubricants, conductive fillers.
Carbon Black Crushing Equipment	Breaks down carbon black agglomerates, reducing particle size and enhancing dispersion	Rubber , plastics, inks.
Calcium Carbonate Modification Machine	Reacts surface modifiers with calcium carbonate particles to alter hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties, improving compatibility with organic matrices	Plastics, rubber, coatings
Nano Calcium Deagglomeration Machine	Employs high‑speed shear and grinding to disrupt nano‑calcium carbonate agglomerates, yielding individually dispersed nanoparticles.	High‑elastic rubber products, transparent plastic films, coated paper.
Carrageenan/Guar Gum Grinding Equipment	Grinds carrageenan, guar gum, and similar hydrocolloids to reduce particle size, enhancing solubility and dispersion	Food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals

1. Ultrafine Grinding Equipment

Working Principle: Utilizes mechanical forces (grinding, impact, and shearing) to crush materials to the micron or even nanometer scale. Common equipment includes ball mills, jet mills, and planetary mills.

Typical Applications: Ultrafine grinding of minerals, chemical raw materials, pharmaceutical raw materials, and electronic materials, such as the preparation of quartz sand, alumina, and pharmaceutical powders.

2. Turbo Ultrafine Classifier

Working Principle: The rotation of the turbine generates centrifugal force, classifying particles of varying sizes. Fine particles are discharged with the airflow, while coarse particles return to the grinding area for further grinding, achieving precise particle size control.

Typical Applications: Classification of ultrafine powders such as chemical pigments, catalysts, pharmaceutical powders, and minerals (graphite, calcium carbonate).

3. Pre-crushing Equipment

Working Principle: Initially crushes the raw materials to reduce the initial particle size, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving efficiency for subsequent ultrafine grinding. Commonly used equipment include jaw crushers and roller crushers. Typical Applications: Pre-treatment of ores, chemical raw materials, and solid waste, such as the initial crushing of coal and ore to prepare for subsequent grinding processes.
4. Vacuum Feeding Machine

Working Principle: Powders are drawn into a closed system through vacuum pressure, achieving dust-free, continuous conveying and preventing dust and material contamination.

Typical Applications: Safe conveying of powders such as chemical pigments, resins, food milk powder, starch, and pharmaceutical raw materials.
5. Fusion Coating Machine

Working Principle: The coating material is fused with the substrate, and the coating is uniformly adhered to the substrate surface through mechanical or chemical action, often combining grinding and coating processes.
Typical Applications: Surface modification applications such as metal anti-corrosion coatings and plastic functional coatings (wear-resistant, conductive).
6. Graphite Spheroidization Crushing Equipment

Working Principle: Graphite particles are converted from flakes/blocks into spherical shapes using mechanical forces such as impact and grinding, improving flowability and dispersion. Typical Applications: Graphite spheroidization for lithium-ion battery anode materials, lubricants, conductive fillers, and other applications.
7. Carbon Black Crushing Equipment

Working Principle: Crushes carbon black agglomerates, reducing particle size and improving dispersibility. Air jet mills or mechanical mills are commonly used.

Typical Applications: Carbon black refinement in industries such as rubber (tires, seals), plastics (cables, pipes), and inks (printing inks).
8. Calcium Carbonate Modification Machine

Working Principle: Surface modifiers (coupling agents, fatty acids) react with calcium carbonate particles to alter their hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, improving compatibility with organic matrices.

Typical Applications: Surface modification of fillers in plastics (PVC, PP), rubber (tires, shoe soles), and coatings (architectural coatings, inks). 9. Nano Calcium Carbonate Deagglomeration Machine

Working Principle: Uses mechanical forces such as high-speed shearing and grinding to break down aggregates of nano-calcium carbonate, dispersing it into individual nanoparticles.

Typical Applications: Dispersing nanofillers in industries such as rubber high-elasticity products, transparent plastic films, and coated paper.

10. Carrageenan/Guar Gum Grinding Equipment

Working Principle: Grinds colloidal materials such as carrageenan and guar gum to reduce particle size for improved solubility and dispersibility. Wet or dry grinding can be used.

Typical Applications: Preparation of thickeners and stabilizers in industries such as food (jelly, ice cream), cosmetics (facial masks, lotions), and pharmaceuticals (sustained-release formulations).